what is Linguistics Parallelism ?

By admin / June 23, 2022

The Language
we use in literature is divergent from the normal way of communication in many
ways. The writers specially the literary writers are more concerned with their subjects
rather than their structure. They are special and gifted people because they
play upon upon words, essential examples, and models of language use to infer
certain special aims. This idea not only immune literary persona from all
language limits, rather give them free hand to exercise their own construction
and structures. This belief and idea is rightly addressed by the language
analysts. Halliday (1996) maintains that: “Linguistics is not and will never be
the whole of literary analysis, and only the literaryexpert, not the
etymologist, can decide the spot of etymology in artistic examinations. Yet, in
the event that a text is to be portrayed by any stretch of the imagination,
then it ought to be depicted appropriately; and this implies by the speculations
and techniques created in etymology, the subject whose assignment is
unequivocally to show how language works”. This concept and belief not only
create space or dimension for the language theories and models to be followed
but also lodge the due role of linguists in the study of literature. Halliday’s
view seems more open, explicit and wider. As such the following language
analysts and experts directed their concern to a more focused analysis. In this
regard Thorne (1970) believes one can find in poems landscapes that are
irregular with respect to the code yet ordinary inside the setting of the
sonnet. It is, therefore, proposed that each poem may be regarded and taken as
a different language or dialect which needs a separate grammar.Thorne’s
proposed origination prompted new ways for the free practice of literary
combinations by introducing the concept of code and language reference.
Linguistic parallelism in words, phrases and sentence building patterns within
the same language in different literary writers is a common linguistic marvel.
It is the most attractive technique of Linguistics because it has attracted the
attention of many scholars and language experts in recent times. Linguistic
parallelism is the tendency of using parallel forms together within a
continuous discourse and texts, has been discussed from different viewpoints.
According to Sankoff (1978), for instance, linguistic parallelism works on
numerous levels: discourse, clause phrase as well as word level. Kiparsky
(1978) notes that parallelism between the two enlargements as well as between
the criteria were developed to separate lexical from post-lexical rules in
phonology. Kiparsky, however, tries to put the broader and wide horizons of
Linguistic parallelism in the narrow scope of phonology. To Fish (1981, p. 53)
Stylistics was established and came into being in reaction to the
“subjectivity and imprecision of literary studies”. For the
appreciate raptures of the impressionistic critic, stylisticians relevance to
“substitute precise and laborious linguistic descriptions to interpretations
for which they can claim a measure of objectivity.” In this way Widdowson
(1988) suggests that “the character of literature is that the language of a abstract
work ought to be designed into designs well beyond those expected by the actual
language system”. He further rationales that the objective and goal of this
patterning is to create acts of communication which are self-contained units,
free of a social context and expressive of a reality other than that which is
authorized by convention. Here we can see that Widdowson goes too liberal and
free and claims unconfined freedom to the literary compositions of all language
rules and regulations. However, the language of literature does not resemble to
normal mode of communication and is deviant and different from the normal
language patterns. In literary writing “one constantly comes across
sentences which would not be generated by an English grammar but which are
nevertheless interpretable” Widdowson (1988). He furthers mentions that “poets
cannot simply ignore the normal meanings of words and invent entirely new
meanings at will since they are using a language code which already exists and
upon which they depend for communication”. Opposing to Widdowson, Fowler
(1996) reviewed the language norms to be followed in literature by correlating
literature with society communicative principles. According to Fowler
(1996),“literary texts do speak and participate in society’s communicative
principles, and are important in influencing world view and social structure”
(p. 130).So, it depends on the reader of the text as a participant in the
writer’s discourse patterns to interpret, analyze and understand text of
literature on the basis of linguistic models and patterns. It organizes the
triangulation among the writer, his writings as well as his reader to read and
understand him in the same medium in which he showed his deeply felt thoughts.
Simpson (1997, p. 4) makes a meaningful comment in this regard: Part of the
stylistic concern is to exile the imprecision, speculations and flights of
fancy that have characterized much traditional and practical criticism. The aim
instead is to arrive at a agreement about a text in light of a principled and
deliberate review strategy. Part of this concentrate on methodology includes
the utilization of enlightening models of language that are retrievable furthermore,
available to different understudies of stylistics. Adding their own and
individual view to the conversation, Lambrou and Stockwell (2007, p. 3) battle
that stylistics involves portraying “as methodicallly and transparently as
conceivable the idea of the literary proof which goes with the specific
perusing of the text”. Moreover, they add that this essential result of
stylistics gives an engaging record of literary mechanics and the perusing
process which is made accessible in a typical money of register, to permit
other stylisticians to look at their own record, check or disagree with the examination
(Lambrou&Stockwell, 2007). Scherre’s (2001) enquiry of the parallelism
impact on state level displays that equal handling works all the more productively
while going before markers are more comparative. In particular, in the event
that the promptly going before markers are zeroes, the productivity of this
standard is upgraded (Scherre, 2001).

As
additionally go before by Labov (1994, pp.547-568), this impact doesn’t uncover
“propensities to save data”. Taking a more unambiguous view, Jackendoff
(2002) contends that informal articulations might have unpredictable sentence
structure, while having customary phonological and semantic designs. He wisely
brings up that phonological combinations can likewise be colloquial in that
some happening courses of action might be exceptionally phenomenal in the
language. Likewise, numerous dialects might have divisions with exceptionally
restricted appropriation. Later on the specialists of language study have attempted
to talk constraints of Jackendoff’s origination. Language can’t be so
restricted down that it tends to be utilized to expressions also, phrasal
action words. Assuming it is the situation, language would lose enthusiasm and
reasonableness.